This course introduces to the main concepts concerning the physical properties of rocks useful for the exploration geophysics, such as the pore geometry, the wettability, the permeability, the mechanic and electric properties. Relevant mathematical issues and descriptions, like the fractal character of the pores and the percolation theory, as well as theoretical methods, like the effective medium theory, will be presented. The aim is to enable the student to understand and develop simple models of porous systems. Moreover, the main experimental methods (both in lab and in-situ) to measure and assess the above mentioned properties will be introduced.